Given an array nums of n integers, are there elements a, b, c in nums such that a + b + c = 0? Find all unique triplets in the array which gives the sum of zero.

Note:

The solution set must not contain duplicate triplets.

Given a collection of numbers that might contain duplicates, return all possible unique permutations.

Let’s play the minesweeper game (online game)!

You are given a 2D char matrix representing the game board. ‘M’ represents an unrevealed mine, ‘E’ represents an unrevealed empty square, ‘B’ represents a revealed blank square that has no adjacent (above, below, left, right, and all 4 diagonals) mines, digit (‘1’ to ‘8’) represents how many mines are adjacent to this revealed square, and finally ‘X’ represents a revealed mine.

Now given the next click position (row and column indices) among all the unrevealed squares (‘M’ or ‘E’), return the board after revealing this position according to the following rules:

• If a mine (‘M’) is revealed, then the game is over - change it to ‘X’.
• If an empty square (‘E’) with no adjacent mines is revealed, then change it to revealed blank (‘B’) and all of its adjacent unrevealed squares should be revealed recursively.
• If an empty square (‘E’) with at least one adjacent mine is revealed, then change it to a digit (‘1’ to ‘8’) representing the number of adjacent mines.

Return the board when no more squares will be revealed.

According to the Wikipedia’s article: “The Game of Life, also known simply as Life, is a cellular automaton devised by the British mathematician John Horton Conway in 1970.”

Given a board with m by n cells, each cell has an initial state live (1) or dead (0). Each cell interacts with its eight neighbors (horizontal, vertical, diagonal) using the following four rules (taken from the above Wikipedia article):

• Any live cell with fewer than two live neighbors dies, as if caused by under-population.
• Any live cell with two or three live neighbors lives on to the next generation.
• Any live cell with more than three live neighbors dies, as if by over-population..
• Any dead cell with exactly three live neighbors becomes a live cell, as if by reproduction.

Write a function to compute the next state (after one update) of the board given its current state. The next state is created by applying the above rules simultaneously to every cell in the current state, where births and deaths occur simultaneously.

The game is represented by a grid of size n*m, where each element is a wall, floor, or a box.

Your task is move the box ‘B’ to the target position ‘T’ under the following rules:

• Player is represented by character ‘S’ and can move up, down, left, right in the grid if it is a floor (empy cell).
• Floor is represented by character ‘.’ that means free cell to walk.
• Wall is represented by character ‘#’ that means obstacle (impossible to walk there).
• There is only one box ‘B’ and one target cell ‘T’ in the grid.
• The box can be moved to an adjacent free cell by standing next to the box and then moving in the direction of the box. This is a push.
• The player cannot walk through the box.

Return the minimum number of pushes to move the box to the target. If there is no way to reach the target, return -1.

计数排序的时间复杂度很低，但是，能够应用的场合就很少了。这个时候，我们就需要对计数排序进行升级

并归与淘汰赛不得不说的故事

插入排序upupup —> 希尔排序

当你在玩扑克之时，庄家发牌的时候，你是怎么处理手上的牌呢？

论插入排序